Kudolf eickemeyee



(No Model.)

R. EICKEM'EYER.

MAGNETC ELECTRIC AND ELECTRO MAGNETIC MACHINE.

No. 351,903. Patented Nov. 2, 1886.

M entor UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RUDOLF EICKEMEYER, OF YONKERS, NEV YORK.

MAGNETO-ELECTRIC AND ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No..35 .903, dated November 2.1886.

Original application filed Xovembcr 8, 1882. Serial No. 76,234. Divided and this application filed December 26, 1984. Serial No. 151,178.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RUDoLF EICKEMEYER, of Yonkers, in the county of WVestchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magneto-Electric and Electro-Magnetic Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following specification, taken in connection with the drawings furnished and forming a part thereof, is a clear,

true, and complete description of the several features of my invention.

It is to be understood that the machine hereinafter particularly described and illustrated in the drawings embodies certain features of myinvention which have been broadly claimed by me in my application for Letters Patent filed November 8, 1882, Serial No. 76,234, and that in my said application I have shown and described in detail the machine which constitutes the subject of this application, which is now filed as a division of said prior application.

My present improvements relate to what are known as unipolar machines.

The characteristic feature of a machine embodyingmy present improvements is an armature or electriogenerator element, which embodies iron or steel, which is polarized in the line of the armature-axis, and is inclosed by but free to revolve within a polarized mass of iron, and so organized that it constitutes a portion of the magnetic circuit of the machine. I have also so constructed the armature or electric-generating element that it serves not only as a portion of the magnetic system of the machine, but also as an electric conductor. I have also so constructed and organized the armature or electric-generating element as to render it a compound magnet embodying a. series of bar-magnets, andeach of these also serves as an electric conductor, and they are electrically connected by me so as to provide for a continuous electric circuit. including all of said bar -magnets or any lesser number thereof, as may be desired. Ihave also so constructed and organized the magnetic portions of the machine that the outer magnet is double; or, in other words, it embodies two magnets, and also so that the armature embodies two or more magnets, there being therein a number of bar-magnets, each of whichis double, having corresponding poles at its two ends, and a centralconsequent pole.

The several features of my invention which I propose to include in this application will be specified in the several clauses of claims hereunto annexed, and a practically valuable embodiment of all of said improvements will be described in connection with a machine illus trated in the drawings, in which Figure l is a longitudinal horizontal section of said machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical crosssection of the same on line Fig. 3, in two views, illustrates one of several conductingrings which are employed on the armature or" electric-generating element. Fig. 4, in two views, illustrates one of several flanged rings composed of hard rubber or other insulating material, and which are interposed between the conductingrings, Fig. 3, when mounte in position on the armature.

A mass of iron cylindrically chambered is polarized to constitute it a tubular magnet, A, having at each end a helix, B, said helices be ing so wound as to correspondingly polarize the two of said ends and afford a consequent central pole. As here shown, both ends of said tubular magnet are polarized, N, thus affording the central pole, S, as clearly indicated. This tubular magnet is cast in two counter parts, bolted together, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, and it is provided with a base-flange, by which it can be properly mounted upon a suitable platform. The tubular magnet A, at each end, is also internally recessed angularly for the reception of thehelices B, and near the inner end of each helix the upper wall of the tubular magnet is cut away, as at a, for affording access to certain conducting-rings, to be hereinafter described.

\Vithin the polarized mass of metal which A out the length of the outer or tubular magnet,

and as it is mainly composed of iron, magnetic poles are developedtherein. As here shown,

bothends are polarized, S, and it therefore has a consequent central N pole, and it is therefore a cylindrical double magnet polarized in the line of the armature-axis, inclosed by an outer or tubular double magnet, these two being so organized that both are included in the same magnetic circuits, the N pole of the inner magnet being opposite the S pole of the outer magnet, and the Spoles of the inner magnet being opposite to the N poles of the outer magnet.

It will be obvious that the helix at either end of the machine not only induces magnetism in the mass ofmetal embodied in theouter magnet, but also in the metal embodied in the generative element, and that the latter enters into and forms a part of the magnetic system, thus affording a specially effective magnetic field, and it will also be obvious that all the magnetic metal in the armature is polarized in the line of the armatureaxis as distinguished from being polarized radially or at opposite sides of the armature, as in many prior machines of the bipolar variety. This magnetic armature or generative element 0, for obtaining the best results, should embody a series of bars of iron, so that each bar will be a double-bar magnet, polarized as before described; and, as here shown, said armature is composed of sixteen bars, (Z, radially disposed around the axis or shaft 1), insulated fromeach other and from the shaft, and secured so asto constitute a compact cylindrical structure by means of recessed clamp-plates e at each end, and clamp-nuts f, mounted on a threaded portion of the shaft 0. These sixteen bar-magnets, all operating as portions of the magnetic system of the machine, also operate as conductors of the electric currents generated thereby when the machine is operated as an electric generator, and they also operate as conductors when the machine is used as a motor. It is obvious that if these bars be electrically connected at both ends of the armature a comparatively feeble current will be generated, and while such a construction would be within certain portions of my present invention, I have devised a mode of connecting said barinagnet conductors whereby they may be electrically coupled in a great variety of arrangement.

In Fig. 8 I show one of several conductingrings, g, which are each provided with an internally-projeeting lug, g, and in Fig. 4 I show one of several insulatingrings, 7!, which, in cross-section, are L-shaped. Theseinsulatingrings are accurately fitted to the exterior of the armature, and on the base portion of each a conducting-ring is mounted, and the lug 9 thereof projects through a corresponding opening, Ii, in said insulating-ring, and is in good electric contactwith its particular bar of the armature, and the projecting portion of each ring it is interposed between the conducting-ring g, mounted on its base, and the next adjacent conducting-ring, all as clearly indicated in the drawings.

In the sectional View, Fig. 1, it will be seen that the conducting-rings y are organized in two sets or series, and that one of the bars d is electrically connected to a central ring in each set or series, and that the opposite bar (I is electrically connected to the outside or end ring 9 of each set. Itwill be understood that each of the bars is similarly connected with its pairs of rings, and that each pair of rings with its bar will afford a part of an electric circuit, which may be completed by electric ally connecting said ringsin series-as, for instance, by an external conducting-wire and brushes, or other well known equivalent means for electrically connecting a movable with a stationary conductor, thus enabling the machine to deliver (or receive) as mauyseparate currents as there are bars in the interior compound magnet which serves as the armature. This same construction of compound magnet and conducting rings also enables the delivery (or receipt) of currents which traverse two or all of said bars, it being obvious that by electrically coupling the conducting-rings of each bar with the rings of the bars on each side thereof, and so on through the whole, all of said bars will be connected in linear series.

As shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, outside conductors, i, are employed with suitable brushes for coupling the rings of one set or series with those of the other series, so that one ring of each set serves as a terminal connection, as indicated by arrows in the drawings, and it will be obvious that the currents delivered to or from the machine may be as many in number as there are bars, or that a lesser number of separate circuits can be provided for each, including adifferent number of bars, and therefore the currents will be correspondingl y varied in their character.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure under this application for Letters Patent- 1. In an electromagnetic or magneto-elee tric machine, the combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, of a polarized mass of metal internally chambered and a rotative armature or generating element embodying magnetic metal polarized in the line of the armature-axis and constituting a portion of the magnetic circuit within said mass of polar ized metal.

2. In an electromagnetic or magneto-electric machine, the combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, of a polarized mass of metal internally chambered and a rotative armature embodying polarized metal which forms aportion of the magnetic circuit within said mass of metal, and also serves as an electric conductor.

3. In an electromagnetic or magneto-electric machine, the combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, of a polarized mass of chambered metal, a rotative armature embodying magnetic metal, and one or more helices, each of which polarizes the outer mass of metal and also the metal in said armature.

t. In an electromagnetic or magneto-elec IIC tric machine, a rotating magnet polarized in the line of its axis, with"a conductor attached thereto, and an inclosing-magnet, substantially as described.

5. In an electromagnetic or magneto-electric machine, a rotating magnet polarized in the line of its axis with two or more conductors attached thereto and rotating therewith and connected in linear series.

6. In an electromagnetic or magneto-electric machine, the combination of a rotating magnet polarized in the line of its axis, constituting an armature having two or more electric conductors connected in linear series, and an inelosing-magnet,substantiallyas described.

7. In an electromagnetic or magneto electric machine,a rotating compound magnet polarized in the line of its axis and acting as an armature, substantially as described.

8. In an electromagnetic or magnetoelectric machine, a rotating compound magnet polarized in the line of its axis and acting as an armature, and an inclosing-magnet, substantially as described.

9. In an electromagnetic or magneto-electric mach-inc, a rotating compound magnet the component parts of which are connected in linear series in an electric circuit, substantially as described.

10. In an electromagnetic or magneto-electric machine, a rotating compound magnet the component parts of which are connected in linear series in an electric circuit, and an inclosing-magnet, substantially as described.

11. In an electromagnetic or magneto-electric machine, a double magnet mounted upon or constituting a part of a rotating armature tric machine, an armature embodying a series of double-bar magnets, substantially as described.

14. In an electromagnetic or magneto-electric machine, a double compound magnet serving as an armature, and a double inclosingmagnet, substantially as described.

RUDOLF EICKEMEYER.

Witnesses:

ED. A. NIoHoLs, James S. FITCH. 

